1:smbclient
From Linux Man Pages
smbclient - ftp-like client to access SMB/CIFS resources on servers
Contents |
SYNOPSIS
smbclient [-b<buffersize>] [-ddebuglevel] [-L<netbiosname>] [-Uusername] [-IdestinationIP] [-M<netbiosname>]
[-mmaxprotocol] [-Aauthfile] [-N] [-iscope] [-O<socketoptions>] [-pport] [-R<nameresolveorder>]
[-s<smbconfigfile>] [-k] [-P] [-c<command>]
smbclient {servicename} [password] [-b<buffersize>] [-ddebuglevel] [-DDirectory] [-Uusername] [-Wworkgroup]
[-M<netbiosname>] [-mmaxprotocol] [-Aauthfile] [-N] [-llogdir] [-IdestinationIP] [-E] [-c<command-
string>] [-iscope] [-O<socketoptions>] [-pport] [-R<nameresolveorder>] [-s<smbconfigfile>]
[-T<c|x>IXFqgbNan] [-k]
DESCRIPTION
This tool is part of the samba(7) suite. smbclient is a client that can 'talk' to an SMB/CIFS server. It offers an interface similar to that of the ftp program (see ftp(1)). Operations include things like getting files from the server to the local machine, putting files from the local machine to the server, retrieving directory information from the server and so on.
OPTIONS
servicename
servicename is the name of the service you want to use on the server. A service name takes the form
//server/service where server is the NetBIOS name of the SMB/CIFS server offering the desired service and ser-
vice is the name of the service offered. Thus to connect to the service "printer" on the SMB/CIFS server "smb-
server", you would use the servicename //smbserver/printer
Note that the server name required is NOT necessarily the IP (DNS) host name of the server ! The name required
is a NetBIOS server name, which may or may not be the same as the IP hostname of the machine running the
server.
The server name is looked up according to either the -R parameter to smbclient or using the name resolve order
parameter in the smb.conf(5) file, allowing an administrator to change the order and methods by which server
names are looked up.
password
The password required to access the specified service on the specified server. If this parameter is supplied,
the -N option (suppress password prompt) is assumed.
There is no default password. If no password is supplied on the command line (either by using this parameter
or adding a password to the -U option (see below)) and the -N option is not specified, the client will prompt
for a password, even if the desired service does not require one. (If no password is required, simply press
ENTER to provide a null password.)
Note: Some servers (including OS/2 and Windows for Workgroups) insist on an uppercase password. Lowercase or
mixed case passwords may be rejected by these servers.
Be cautious about including passwords in scripts.
-R <name resolve order>
This option is used by the programs in the Samba suite to determine what naming services and in what order to
resolve host names to IP addresses. The option takes a space-separated string of different name resolution
options.
The options are :"lmhosts", "host", "wins" and "bcast". They cause names to be resolved as follows:
•
lmhosts: Lookup an IP address in the Samba lmhosts file. If the line in lmhosts has no name type attached
to the NetBIOS name (see the lmhosts(5) for details) then any name type matches for lookup.
•
host: Do a standard host name to IP address resolution, using the system /etc/hosts , NIS, or DNS lookups.
This method of name resolution is operating system dependent, for instance on IRIX or Solaris this may be
controlled by the /etc/nsswitch.conf file). Note that this method is only used if the NetBIOS name type
being queried is the 0x20 (server) name type, otherwise it is ignored.
•
wins: Query a name with the IP address listed in the wins server parameter. If no WINS server has been
specified this method will be ignored.
•
bcast: Do a broadcast on each of the known local interfaces listed in the interfaces parameter. This is the
least reliable of the name resolution methods as it depends on the target host being on a locally connected
subnet.
If this parameter is not set then the name resolve order defined in the smb.conf(5) file parameter (name
resolve order) will be used.
The default order is lmhosts, host, wins, bcast and without this parameter or any entry in the name resolve
order parameter of the smb.conf(5) file the name resolution methods will be attempted in this order.
-M NetBIOS name
This options allows you to send messages, using the "WinPopup" protocol, to another computer. Once a connec-
tion is established you then type your message, pressing ^D (control-D) to end.
If the receiving computer is running WinPopup the user will receive the message and probably a beep. If they
are not running WinPopup the message will be lost, and no error message will occur.
The message is also automatically truncated if the message is over 1600 bytes, as this is the limit of the
protocol.
One useful trick is to cat the message through smbclient. For example:
cat mymessage.txt | smbclient -M FRED
will send the message in the file mymessage.txt to the machine FRED.
You may also find the -U and -I options useful, as they allow you to control the FROM and TO parts of the mes-
sage.
See the message command parameter in the smb.conf(5) for a description of how to handle incoming WinPopup mes-
sages in Samba.
Note: Copy WinPopup into the startup group on your WfWg PCs if you want them to always be able to receive mes-
sages.
-p port
This number is the TCP port number that will be used when making connections to the server. The standard
(well-known) TCP port number for an SMB/CIFS server is 139, which is the default.
-P Make queries to the external server using the machine account of the local server.
-h|--help
Print a summary of command line options.
-I IP-address
IP address is the address of the server to connect to. It should be specified in standard "a.b.c.d" notation.
Normally the client would attempt to locate a named SMB/CIFS server by looking it up via the NetBIOS name res-
olution mechanism described above in the name resolve order parameter above. Using this parameter will force
the client to assume that the server is on the machine with the specified IP address and the NetBIOS name com-
ponent of the resource being connected to will be ignored.
There is no default for this parameter. If not supplied, it will be determined automatically by the client as
described above.
-E This parameter causes the client to write messages to the standard error stream (stderr) rather than to the
standard output stream.
By default, the client writes messages to standard output - typically the user's tty.
-L This option allows you to look at what services are available on a server. You use it as smbclient -L host and
a list should appear. The -I option may be useful if your NetBIOS names don't match your TCP/IP DNS host names
or if you are trying to reach a host on another network.
-t terminal code
This option tells smbclient how to interpret filenames coming from the remote server. Usually Asian language
multibyte UNIX implementations use different character sets than SMB/CIFS servers (EUC instead of
SJIS for example). Setting this parameter will let smbclient convert between the UNIX filenames and the SMB
filenames correctly. This option has not been seriously tested and may have some problems.
The terminal codes include CWsjis, CWeuc, CWjis7, CWjis8, CWjunet, CWhex, CWcap. This is not a complete list,
check the Samba source code for the complete list.
-b buffersize
This option changes the transmit/send buffer size when getting or putting a file from/to the server. The
default is 65520 bytes. Setting this value smaller (to 1200 bytes) has been observed to speed up file trans-
fers to and from a Win9x server.
-V Prints the program version number.
-s <configuration file>
The file specified contains the configuration details required by the server. The information in this file
includes server-specific information such as what printcap file to use, as well as descriptions of all the
services that the server is to provide. See smb.conf for more information. The default configuration file name
is determined at compile time.
-d|--debuglevel=level
level is an integer from 0 to 10. The default value if this parameter is not specified is zero.
The higher this value, the more detail will be logged to the log files about the activities of the server. At
level 0, only critical errors and serious warnings will be logged. Level 1 is a reasonable level for day-to-
day running - it generates a small amount of information about operations carried out.
Levels above 1 will generate considerable amounts of log data, and should only be used when investigating a
problem. Levels above 3 are designed for use only by developers and generate HUGE amounts of log data, most of
which is extremely cryptic.
Note that specifying this parameter here will override the
parameter in the smb.conf file.
-l|--logfile=logdirectory
Base directory name for log/debug files. The extension ".progname" will be appended (e.g. log.smbclient,
log.smbd, etc...). The log file is never removed by the client.
-N If specified, this parameter suppresses the normal password prompt from the client to the user. This is useful
when accessing a service that does not require a password.
Unless a password is specified on the command line or this parameter is specified, the client will request a
password.
-k Try to authenticate with kerberos. Only useful in an Active Directory environment.
-A|--authentication-file=filename
This option allows you to specify a file from which to read the username and password used in the connection.
The format of the file is
username = <value>
password = <value>
domain = <value>
Make certain that the permissions on the file restrict access from unwanted users.
-U|--user=username[%password]
Sets the SMB username or username and password.
If %password is not specified, the user will be prompted. The client will first check the USER environment
variable, then the LOGNAME variable and if either exists, the string is uppercased. If these environmental
variables are not found, the username GUEST is used.
A third option is to use a credentials file which contains the plaintext of the username and password. This
option is mainly provided for scripts where the admin does not wish to pass the credentials on the command
line or via environment variables. If this method is used, make certain that the permissions on the file
restrict access from unwanted users. See the -A for more details.
Be cautious about including passwords in scripts. Also, on many systems the command line of a running process
may be seen via the ps command. To be safe always allow rpcclient to prompt for a password and type it in
directly.
-n <primary NetBIOS name>
This option allows you to override the NetBIOS name that Samba uses for itself. This is identical to setting
the
parameter in the smb.conf file. However, a command line setting will take precedence over settings in
smb.conf.
-i <scope>
This specifies a NetBIOS scope that nmblookup will use to communicate with when generating NetBIOS names. For
details on the use of NetBIOS scopes, see rfc1001.txt and rfc1002.txt. NetBIOS scopes are very rarely used,
only set this parameter if you are the system administrator in charge of all the NetBIOS systems you communi-
cate with.
-W|--workgroup=domain
Set the SMB domain of the username. This overrides the default domain which is the domain defined in smb.conf.
If the domain specified is the same as the servers NetBIOS name, it causes the client to log on using the
servers local SAM (as opposed to the Domain SAM).
-O socket options
TCP socket options to set on the client socket. See the socket options parameter in the smb.conf manual page
for the list of valid options.
-T tar options
smbclient may be used to create tar(1) compatible backups of all the files on an SMB/CIFS share. The secondary
tar flags that can be given to this option are :
•
c - Create a tar file on UNIX. Must be followed by the name of a tar file, tape device or "-" for standard
output. If using standard output you must turn the log level to its lowest value -d0 to avoid corrupting
your tar file. This flag is mutually exclusive with the x flag.
•
x - Extract (restore) a local tar file back to a share. Unless the -D option is given, the tar files will
be restored from the top level of the share. Must be followed by the name of the tar file, device or "-"
for standard input. Mutually exclusive with the c flag. Restored files have their creation times (mtime)
set to the date saved in the tar file. Directories currently do not get their creation dates restored prop-
erly.
•
I - Include files and directories. Is the default behavior when filenames are specified above. Causes files
to be included in an extract or create (and therefore everything else to be excluded). See example below.
Filename globbing works in one of two ways. See r below.
•
X - Exclude files and directories. Causes files to be excluded from an extract or create. See example
below. Filename globbing works in one of two ways now. See r below.
•
F - File containing a list of files and directories. The F causes the name following the tarfile to create
to be read as a filename that contains a list of files and directories to be included in an extract or
create (and therefore everything else to be excluded). See example below. Filename globbing works in one of
two ways. See r below.
•
b - Blocksize. Must be followed by a valid (greater than zero) blocksize. Causes tar file to be written out
in blocksize*TBLOCK (usually 512 byte) blocks.
•
g - Incremental. Only back up files that have the archive bit set. Useful only with the c flag.
•
q - Quiet. Keeps tar from printing diagnostics as it works. This is the same as tarmode quiet.
•
r - Regular expression include or exclude. Uses regular expression matching for excluding or excluding
files if compiled with HAVE_REGEX_H. However this mode can be very slow. If not compiled with HAVE_REGEX_H,
does a limited wildcard match on '*' and '?'.
•
N - Newer than. Must be followed by the name of a file whose date is compared against files found on the
share during a create. Only files newer than the file specified are backed up to the tar file. Useful only
with the c flag.
•
a - Set archive bit. Causes the archive bit to be reset when a file is backed up. Useful with the g and c
flags.
Tar Long File Names
smbclient's tar option now supports long file names both on backup and restore. However, the full path name of
the file must be less than 1024 bytes. Also, when a tar archive is created, smbclient's tar option places all
files in the archive with relative names, not absolute names.
Tar Filenames
All file names can be given as DOS path names (with '\' as the component separator) or as UNIX path names
(with '/' as the component separator).
Examples
Restore from tar file backup.tar into myshare on mypc (no password on share).
smbclient //mypc/yshare "" -N -Tx backup.tar
Restore everything except users/docs
smbclient //mypc/myshare "" -N -TXx backup.tar users/docs
Create a tar file of the files beneath
users/docs.
smbclient //mypc/myshare "" -N -Tc backup.tar users/docs
Create the same tar file as above, but now use a DOS path name.
smbclient //mypc/myshare "" -N -tc backup.tar users\docs
Create a tar file of the files listed in the file tarlist.
smbclient //mypc/myshare "" -N -TcF backup.tar tarlist
Create a tar file of all the files and directories in the share.
smbclient //mypc/myshare "" -N -Tc backup.tar *
-D initial directory
Change to initial directory before starting. Probably only of any use with the tar -T option.
-c command string
command string is a semicolon-separated list of commands to be executed instead of prompting from stdin.
-N is implied by -c.
This is particularly useful in scripts and for printing stdin to the server, e.g. -c 'print -'.
OPERATIONS
Once the client is running, the user is presented with a prompt :
smb:>
The backslash ("\") indicates the current working directory on the server, and will change if the current working
directory is changed.
The prompt indicates that the client is ready and waiting to carry out a user command. Each command is a single
word, optionally followed by parameters specific to that command. Command and parameters are space-delimited
unless these notes specifically state otherwise. All commands are case-insensitive. Parameters to commands may or
may not be case sensitive, depending on the command.
You can specify file names which have spaces in them by quoting the name with double quotes, for example "a long
file name".
Parameters shown in square brackets (e.g., "[parameter]") are optional. If not given, the command will use suit-
able defaults. Parameters shown in angle brackets (e.g., "<parameter>") are required.
Note that all commands operating on the server are actually performed by issuing a request to the server. Thus
the behavior may vary from server to server, depending on how the server was implemented.
The commands available are given here in alphabetical order.
? [command]
If command is specified, the ? command will display a brief informative message about the specified command.
If no command is specified, a list of available commands will be displayed.
! [shell command]
If shell command is specified, the ! command will execute a shell locally and run the specified shell command.
If no command is specified, a local shell will be run.
altname file
The client will request that the server return the "alternate" name (the 8.3 name) for a file or directory.
case_sensitive
Toggles the setting of the flag in SMB packets that tells the server to treat filenames as case sensitive. Set
to OFF by default (tells file server to treat filenames as case insensitive). Only currently affects Samba
3.0.5 and above file servers with the case sensitive parameter set to auto in the smb.conf.
cancel jobid0 [jobid1] ... [jobidN]
The client will request that the server cancel the printjobs identified by the given numeric print job ids.
chmod file mode in octal
This command depends on the server supporting the CIFS UNIX extensions and will fail if the server does not.
The client requests that the server change the UNIX permissions to the given octal mode, in standard UNIX for-
mat.
chown file uid gid
This command depends on the server supporting the CIFS UNIX extensions and will fail if the server does not.
The client requests that the server change the UNIX user and group ownership to the given decimal values. Note
there is currently no way to remotely look up the UNIX uid and gid values for a given name. This may be
addressed in future versions of the CIFS UNIX extensions.
cd [directory name]
If "directory name" is specified, the current working directory on the server will be changed to the directory
specified. This operation will fail if for any reason the specified directory is inaccessible.
If no directory name is specified, the current working directory on the server will be reported.
del <mask>
The client will request that the server attempt to delete all files matching mask from the current working
directory on the server.
dir <mask>
A list of the files matching mask in the current working directory on the server will be retrieved from the
server and displayed.
exit
Terminate the connection with the server and exit from the program.
get <remote file name> [local file name]
Copy the file called remote file name from the server to the machine running the client. If specified, name
the local copy local file name. Note that all transfers in smbclient are binary. See also the lowercase com-
mand.
help [command]
See the ? command above.
lcd [directory name]
If directory name is specified, the current working directory on the local machine will be changed to the
directory specified. This operation will fail if for any reason the specified directory is inaccessible.
If no directory name is specified, the name of the current working directory on the local machine will be
reported.
link target linkname
This command depends on the server supporting the CIFS UNIX extensions and will fail if the server does not.
The client requests that the server create a hard link between the linkname and target files. The linkname
file must not exist.
lowercase
Toggle lowercasing of filenames for the get and mget commands.
When lowercasing is toggled ON, local filenames are converted to lowercase when using the get and mget com-
mands. This is often useful when copying (say) MSDOS files from a server, because lowercase filenames are the
norm on UNIX systems.
ls <mask>
See the dir command above.
mask <mask>
This command allows the user to set up a mask which will be used during recursive operation of the mget and
mput commands.
The masks specified to the mget and mput commands act as filters for directories rather than files when recur-
sion is toggled ON.
The mask specified with the mask command is necessary to filter files within those directories. For example,
if the mask specified in an mget command is "source*" and the mask specified with the mask command is "*.c"
and recursion is toggled ON, the mget command will retrieve all files matching "*.c" in all directories below
and including all directories matching "source*" in the current working directory.
Note that the value for mask defaults to blank (equivalent to "*") and remains so until the mask command is
used to change it. It retains the most recently specified value indefinitely. To avoid unexpected results it
would be wise to change the value of mask back to "*" after using the mget or mput commands.
md <directory name>
See the mkdir command.
mget <mask>
Copy all files matching mask from the server to the machine running the client.
Note that mask is interpreted differently during recursive operation and non-recursive operation - refer to
the recurse and mask commands for more information. Note that all transfers in smbclient are binary. See also
the lowercase command.
mkdir <directory name>
Create a new directory on the server (user access privileges permitting) with the specified name.
mput <mask>
Copy all files matching mask in the current working directory on the local machine to the current working
directory on the server.
Note that mask is interpreted differently during recursive operation and non-recursive operation - refer to
the recurse and mask commands for more information. Note that all transfers in smbclient are binary.
print <file name>
Print the specified file from the local machine through a printable service on the server.
prompt
Toggle prompting for filenames during operation of the mget and mput commands.
When toggled ON, the user will be prompted to confirm the transfer of each file during these commands. When
toggled OFF, all specified files will be transferred without prompting.
put <local file name> [remote file name]
Copy the file called local file name from the machine running the client to the server. If specified, name the
remote copy remote file name. Note that all transfers in smbclient are binary. See also the lowercase command.
queue
Displays the print queue, showing the job id, name, size and current status.
quit
See the exit command.
rd <directory name>
See the rmdir command.
recurse
Toggle directory recursion for the commands mget and mput.
When toggled ON, these commands will process all directories in the source directory (i.e., the directory they
are copying from ) and will recurse into any that match the mask specified to the command. Only files that
match the mask specified using the mask command will be retrieved. See also the mask command.
When recursion is toggled OFF, only files from the current working directory on the source machine that match
the mask specified to the mget or mput commands will be copied, and any mask specified using the mask command
will be ignored.
rm <mask>
Remove all files matching mask from the current working directory on the server.
rmdir <directory name>
Remove the specified directory (user access privileges permitting) from the server.
setmode <filename> <perm=[+|-]rsha>
A version of the DOS attrib command to set file permissions. For example:
setmode myfile +r
would make myfile read only.
stat file
This command depends on the server supporting the CIFS UNIX extensions and will fail if the server does not.
The client requests the UNIX basic info level and prints out the same info that the Linux stat command would
about the file. This includes the size, blocks used on disk, file type, permissions, inode number, number of
links and finally the three timestamps (access, modify and change). If the file is a special file (symlink,
character or block device, fifo or socket) then extra information may also be printed.
symlink target linkname
This command depends on the server supporting the CIFS UNIX extensions and will fail if the server does not.
The client requests that the server create a symbolic hard link between the target and linkname files. The
linkname file must not exist. Note that the server will not create a link to any path that lies outside the
currently connected share. This is enforced by the Samba server.
tar <c|x>[IXbgNa]
Performs a tar operation - see the -T command line option above. Behavior may be affected by the tarmode com-
mand (see below). Using g (incremental) and N (newer) will affect tarmode settings. Note that using the "-"
option with tar x may not work - use the command line option instead.
blocksize <blocksize>
Blocksize. Must be followed by a valid (greater than zero) blocksize. Causes tar file to be written out in
blocksize*TBLOCK (usually 512 byte) blocks.
tarmode <full|inc|reset|noreset>
Changes tar's behavior with regard to archive bits. In full mode, tar will back up everything regardless of
the archive bit setting (this is the default mode). In incremental mode, tar will only back up files with the
archive bit set. In reset mode, tar will reset the archive bit on all files it backs up (implies read/write
share).
NOTES
Some servers are fussy about the case of supplied usernames, passwords, share names (AKA service names) and
machine names. If you fail to connect try giving all parameters in uppercase.
It is often necessary to use the -n option when connecting to some types of servers. For example OS/2 LanManager
insists on a valid NetBIOS name being used, so you need to supply a valid name that would be known to the server.
smbclient supports long file names where the server supports the LANMAN2 protocol or above.
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
The variable USER may contain the username of the person using the client. This information is used only if the
protocol level is high enough to support session-level passwords.
The variable PASSWD may contain the password of the person using the client. This information is used only if the
protocol level is high enough to support session-level passwords.
The variable LIBSMB_PROG may contain the path, executed with system(), which the client should connect to instead
of connecting to a server. This functionality is primarily intended as a development aid, and works best when
using a LMHOSTS file
INSTALLATION
The location of the client program is a matter for individual system administrators. The following are thus sug-
gestions only.
It is recommended that the smbclient software be installed in the /usr/local/samba/bin/ or
/usr/samba/bin/ directory, this directory readable by all, writeable only by root. The client program itself
should be executable by all. The client should NOT be setuid or setgid!
The client log files should be put in a directory readable and writeable only by the user.
To test the client, you will need to know the name of a running SMB/CIFS server. It is possible to run smbd(8) as
an ordinary user - running that server as a daemon on a user-accessible port (typically any port number over
1024) would provide a suitable test server.
DIAGNOSTICS
Most diagnostics issued by the client are logged in a specified log file. The log file name is specified at com-
pile time, but may be overridden on the command line.
The number and nature of diagnostics available depends on the debug level used by the client. If you have prob-
lems, set the debug level to 3 and peruse the log files.
VERSION
This man page is correct for version 3 of the Samba suite.