From Linux Man Pages
chroot - change root directory
SYNOPSIS
#include <unistd.h>
int chroot(const char *path);
DESCRIPTION
chroot() changes the root directory to that specified in path. This directory will be used for pathnames begin-
ning with /. The root directory is inherited by all children of the current process.
Only a privileged process (Linux: one with the CAP_SYS_CHROOT capability) may call chroot(2).
This call changes an ingredient in the pathname resolution process and does nothing else.
This call does not change the current working directory, so that after the call `.' can be outside the tree
rooted at `/'. In particular, the superuser can escape from a `chroot jail' by doing `mkdir foo; chroot foo; cd
..'.
This call does not close open file descriptors, and such file descriptors may allow access to files outside the
chroot tree.
RETURN VALUE
On success, zero is returned. On error, -1 is returned, and errno is set appropriately.
ERRORS
Depending on the file system, other errors can be returned. The more general errors are listed below:
EACCES Search permission is denied on a component of the path prefix. (See also path_resolution(2).)
EFAULT path points outside your accessible address space.
EIO An I/O error occurred.
ELOOP Too many symbolic links were encountered in resolving path.
ENAMETOOLONG
path is too long.
ENOENT The file does not exist.
ENOMEM Insufficient kernel memory was available.
ENOTDIR
A component of path is not a directory.
EPERM The caller has insufficient privilege.
CONFORMING TO
SVr4, 4.4BSD, SUSv2 (marked LEGACY). This function is not part of POSIX.1-2001.
NOTES
A child process created via fork(2) inherits its parent's root directory. The root directory is left unchanged
by execve(2).
FreeBSD has a stronger jail() system call.
RELATED
chdir(2), path_resolution(2)
CATEGORY