8:smartctl
From Linux Man Pages
smartctl - Control and Monitor Utility for SMART Disks
smartctl [options] device
Contents |
FULL PATH
/usr/sbin/smartctl
PACKAGE VERSION
smartmontools-5.37 released 2006/04/12 at 17:39:01 UTC
DESCRIPTION
smartctl controls the Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology (SMART) system built into many ATA-3 and
later ATA, IDE and SCSI-3 hard drives. The purpose of SMART is to monitor the reliability of the hard drive and
predict drive failures, and to carry out different types of drive self-tests. This version of smartctl is com-
patible with ATA/ATAPI-7 and earlier standards (see REFERENCES below)
smartctl is a command line utility designed to perform SMART tasks such as printing the SMART self-test and error
logs, enabling and disabling SMART automatic testing, and initiating device self-tests. Note: if the user issues
a SMART command that is (apparently) not implemented by the device, smartctl will print a warning message but
issue the command anyway (see the -T, --tolerance option below). This should not cause problems: on most
devices, unimplemented SMART commands issued to a drive are ignored and/or return an error.
smartctl also provides support for polling TapeAlert messages from SCSI tape drives and changers.
The user must specify the device to be controlled or interrogated as the final argument to smartctl. Device
paths are as follows:
LINUX: Use the forms "/dev/hd[a-t]" for IDE/ATA devices, and "/dev/sd[a-z]" for SCSI devices. For SCSI Tape
Drives and Changers with TapeAlert support use the devices "/dev/nst*" and "/dev/sg*". For SATA disks
accessed with libata, use "/dev/sd[a-z]" and append "-d ata". For disks behind 3ware controllers you may
need "/dev/sd[a-z]" or "/dev/twe[0-9]" or "/dev/twa[0-9]": see details below. For disks behind HighPoint
RocketRAID controllers you may need "/dev/sd[a-z]". More general paths (such as devfs ones) may also be
specified.
DARWIN: Use the forms /dev/disk[0-9] or equivalently disk[0-9] or equivalently /dev/rdisk[0-9]. Long forms are
also available: please use �-h� to see some examples. Note that there is currently no Darwin SCSI sup-
port.
FREEBSD: Use the forms "/dev/ad[0-9]+" for IDE/ATA devices and "/dev/da[0-9]+" for SCSI devices.
NETBSD/OPENBSD:
Use the form "/dev/wd[0-9]+c" for IDE/ATA devices. For SCSI disk and tape devices, use the device names
"/dev/sd[0-9]+c" and "/dev/st[0-9]+c" respectively. Be sure to specify the correct "whole disk" parti-
tion letter for your architecture.
SOLARIS: Use the forms "/dev/rdsk/c?t?d?s?" for IDE/ATA and SCSI disk devices, and "/dev/rmt/*" for SCSI tape
devices.
WINDOWS: Use the form "/dev/hd[a-j]" for IDE/ATA devices "\\.\PhysicalDrive[0-9]" on WinNT4/2000/XP/2003. For
IDE/ATA devices on Win95/98/98SE/ME, use "/dev/hd[a-d]" for standard devices accessed via SMARTVSD.VXD,
and "/dev/hd[e-h]" for additional devices accessed via a patched SMARTVSE.VXD (see INSTALL file for
details). Use the form "/dev/scsi[0-9][0-f]" for SCSI devices via an aspi dll on ASPI adapter 0-9, ID
0-15. Alternatively use "/dev/sd[a-z]" for SCSI disks "\\.\PhysicalDrive[0-25]" on WinNT4/2000/XP/2003
(where "a" maps to "0"). SCSI disks can also be referred to as "/dev/pd[0-255]" for "\\.\Physi-
calDrive[0-255]" on WinNT4/2000/XP/2003. Use the form "/dev/tape[0-255]" for SCSI tape drives
"\\.\Tape[0-255]" on WinNT4/2000/XP/2003. For disks behind 3ware controllers use "/dev/hd[a-j],N" where
N specifies the disk number (3ware �port�) behind the controller providing the logical drive (�unit�)
specified by "/dev/hd[a-j]". The option �-d 3ware,N� is not necessary on Windows. The prefix "/dev/"
is optional.
CYGWIN: See "WINDOWS" above.
OS/2,eComStation:
Use the form "/dev/hd[a-z]" for IDE/ATA devices.
Based on the device path, smartctl will guess the device type (ATA or SCSI). If necessary, the �-d� option can
be used to over-ride this guess
Note that the printed output of smartctl displays most numerical values in base 10 (decimal), but some values are
displayed in base 16 (hexadecimal). To distinguish them, the base 16 values are always displayed with a leading
"0x", for example: "0xff". This man page follows the same convention.
OPTIONS
The options are grouped below into several categories. smartctl will execute the corresponding commands in the
order: INFORMATION, ENABLE/DISABLE, DISPLAY DATA, RUN/ABORT TESTS.
SCSI devices only accept the options -h, -V, -i, -a, -A, -d, -s, -S,-H, -t, -C, -l background, -l error, -l self-
test, -r, and -X. TapeAlert devices only accept the options -h, -V, -i, -a, -A, -d, -s, -S, -t, -l error, -l
selftest, -r, and -H.
Long options are not supported on all systems. Use �smartctl -h� to see the available options.
SHOW INFORMATION OPTIONS:
-h, --help, --usage
Prints a usage message to STDOUT and exits.
-V, --version, --copyright, --license
Prints version, copyright, license, home page and CVS-id information for your copy of smartctl to STDOUT
and then exits. Please include this information if you are reporting bugs or problems.
-i, --info
Prints the device model number, serial number, firmware version, and ATA Standard version/revision infor-
mation. Says if the device supports SMART, and if so, whether SMART support is currently enabled or dis-
abled. If the device supports Logical Block Address mode (LBA mode) print current user drive capacity in
bytes. (If drive is has a user protected area reserved, or is "clipped", this may be smaller than the
potential maximum drive capacity.) Indicates if the drive is in the smartmontools database (see �-v�
options below). If so, the drive model family may also be printed. If �-n� (see below) is specified, the
power mode of the drive is printed.
-a, --all
Prints all SMART information about the disk, or TapeAlert information about the tape drive or changer.
For ATA devices this is equivalent to
�-H -i -c -A -l error -l selftest -l selective�
and for SCSI, this is equivalent to
�-H -i -A -l error -l selftest�.
Note that for ATA disks this does not enable the �-l directory� option.
RUN-TIME BEHAVIOR OPTIONS:
-q TYPE, --quietmode=TYPE
Specifies that smartctl should run in one of the two quiet modes described here. The valid arguments to
this option are:
errorsonly - only print: For the �-l error� option, if nonzero, the number of errors recorded in the SMART
error log and the power-on time when they occurred; For the �-l selftest� option, errors recorded in the
device self-test log; For the �-H� option, SMART "disk failing" status or device Attributes (pre-failure
or usage) which failed either now or in the past; For the �-A� option, device Attributes (pre-failure or
usage) which failed either now or in the past.
silent - print no output. The only way to learn about what was found is to use the exit status of
smartctl (see RETURN VALUES below).
-d TYPE, --device=TYPE
Specifies the type of the device. The valid arguments to this option are ata, scsi, sat, marvell,
3ware,N, and hpt,L/M, cciss,N or hpt,L/M/N. If this option is not used then smartctl will attempt to
guess the device type from the device name.
The �sat� device type is for ATA disks that have a SCSI to ATA Translation (SAT) Layer (SATL) between the
disk and the operating system. SAT defines two ATA PASS THROUGH SCSI commands, one 12 bytes long and the
other 16 bytes long that smartctl will utilize when this device type is selected. The default is the 16
byte variant which can be overridden with either �-d sat,12� or �-d sat,16�.
Under Linux, to look at SATA disks behind Marvell SATA controllers (using Marvell's �linuxIAL� driver
rather than libata driver) use �-d marvell�. Such controllers show up as Marvell Technology Group Ltd.
SATA I or II controllers using lspci, or using lspci -n show a vendor ID 0x11ab and a device ID of either
0x5040, 0x5041, 0x5080, 0x5081, 0x6041 or 0x6081. The �linuxIAL� driver seems not (yet?) available in the
Linux kernel source tree, but should be available from system vendors (ftp://ftp.aslab.com/ is known to
provide a patch with the driver).
Under Linux and FreeBSD, to look at ATA disks behind 3ware SCSI RAID controllers, use syntax such as:
smartctl -a -d 3ware,2 /dev/sda
smartctl -a -d 3ware,0 /dev/twe0
smartctl -a -d 3ware,1 /dev/twa0
where in the argument 3ware,N, the integer N is the disk number (3ware �port�) within the 3ware ATA RAID
controller. The allowed values of N are from 0 to 15 inclusive. The first two forms, which refer to
devices /dev/sda-z and /dev/twe0-15, may be used with 3ware series 6000, 7000, and 8000 series controllers
that use the 3x-xxxx driver. Note that the /dev/sda-z form is deprecated starting with the Linux 2.6 ker-
nel series and may not be supported by the Linux kernel in the near future. The final form, which refers
to devices /dev/twa0-15, must be used with 3ware 9000 series controllers, which use the 3w-9xxx driver.
Note that if the special character device nodes /dev/twa? and /dev/twe? do not exist, or exist with the
incorrect major or minor numbers, smartctl will recreate them on the fly. Typically /dev/twa0 refers to
the first 9000-series controller, /dev/twa1 refers to the second 9000 series controller, and so on. Like-
wise /dev/twe0 refers to the first 6/7/8000-series controller, /dev/twa1 refers to the second 6/7/8000
series controller, and so on.
Note that for the 6/7/8000 controllers, any of the physical disks can be queried or examined using any of
the 3ware's SCSI logical device /dev/sd? entries. Thus, if logical device /dev/sda is made up of two
physical disks (3ware ports zero and one) and logical device /dev/sdb is made up of two other physical
disks (3ware ports two and three) then you can examine the SMART data on any of the four physical disks
using either SCSI device /dev/sda or /dev/sdb. If you need to know which logical SCSI device a particular
physical disk (3ware port) is associated with, use the dmesg or SYSLOG output to show which SCSI ID corre-
sponds to a particular 3ware unit, and then use the 3ware CLI or 3dm tool to determine which ports (physi-
cal disks) correspond to particular 3ware units.
If the value of N corresponds to a port that does not exist on the 3ware controller, or to a port that
does not physically have a disk attached to it, the behavior of smartctl depends upon the specific con-
troller model, firmware, Linux kernel and platform. In some cases you will get a warning message that the
device does not exist. In other cases you will be presented with �void� data for a non-existent device.
Note that if the /dev/sd? addressing form is used, then older 3w-xxxx drivers do not pass the "Enable
Autosave" (�-S on�) and "Enable Automatic Offline" (�-o on�) commands to the disk, and produce these types
of harmless syslog error messages instead: "3w-xxxx: tw_ioctl(): Passthru size (123392) too big". This can
be fixed by upgrading to version 1.02.00.037 or later of the 3w-xxxx driver, or by applying a patch to
older versions. See http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/ for instructions. Alternatively, use the char-
acter device /dev/twe0-15 interface.
The selective self-test functions (�-t select,A-B�) are only supported using the character device inter-
face /dev/twa0-15 and /dev/twe0-15. The necessary WRITE LOG commands can not be passed through the SCSI
interface.
3ware controllers are supported under Linux, FreeBSD and Windows.
To look at (S)ATA disks behind HighPoint RocketRAID controllers, use syntax such as:
smartctl -a -d hpt,1/3 /dev/sda
or
smartctl -a -d hpt,1/2/3 /dev/sda
where in the argument hpt,L/M or hpt,L/M/N, the integer L is the controller id, the integer M is the chan-
nel number, and the integer N is the PMPort number if it is available. The allowed values of L are from 1
to 4 inclusive, M are from 1 to 8 inclusive and N from 1 to 4 if PMPort available. Note that the
/dev/sda-z form should be the device node which stands for the disks derived from the HighPoint RocketRAID
controllers. And also these values are limited by the model of the HighPoint RocketRAID controller.
HighPoint RocketRAID controllers are currently ONLY supported under Linux.
cciss controllers are currently ONLY supported under Linux.
-T TYPE, --tolerance=TYPE
Specifies how tolerant smartctl should be of ATA and SMART command failures.
The behavior of smartctl depends upon whether the command is "optional" or "mandatory". Here "mandatory"
means "required by the ATA/ATAPI-5 Specification if the device implements the SMART command set" and
"optional" means "not required by the ATA/ATAPI-5 Specification even if the device implements the SMART
command set." The "mandatory" ATA and SMART commands are:(1) ATA IDENTIFY DEVICE, (2) SMART ENABLE/DIS-
ABLE ATTRIBUTE AUTOSAVE, (3) SMART ENABLE/DISABLE, and(4) SMART RETURN STATUS.
The valid arguments to this option are:
normal - exit on failure of any mandatory SMART command, and ignore all failures of optional SMART com-
mands. This is the default. Note that on some devices, issuing unimplemented optional SMART commands
doesn�t cause an error. This can result in misleading smartctl messages such as "Feature X not imple-
mented", followed shortly by "Feature X: enabled". In most such cases, contrary to the final message,
Feature X is not enabled.
conservative - exit on failure of any optional SMART command.
permissive - ignore failure(s) of mandatory SMART commands. This option may be given more than once.
Each additional use of this option will cause one more additional failure to be ignored. Note that the
use of this option can lead to messages like "Feature X not implemented", followed shortly by "Error:
unable to enable Feature X". In a few such cases, contrary to the final message, Feature X is enabled.
verypermissive - equivalent to giving a large number of �-T permissive� options: ignore failures of any
number of mandatory SMART commands. Please see the note above.
-b TYPE, --badsum=TYPE
Specifies the action smartctl should take if a checksum error is detected in the:(1) Device Identity
Structure, (2) SMART Self-Test Log Structure, (3) SMART Attribute Value Structure, (4) SMART Attribute
Threshold Structure, or(5) ATA Error Log Structure.
The valid arguments to this option are:
warn - report the incorrect checksum but carry on in spite of it. This is the default.
exit - exit smartctl.
ignore - continue silently without issuing a warning.
-r TYPE, --report=TYPE
Intended primarily to help smartmontools developers understand the behavior of smartmontools on non-con-
forming or poorly conforming hardware. This option reports details of smartctl transactions with the
device. The option can be used multiple times. When used just once, it shows a record of the ioctl()
transactions with the device. When used more than once, the detail of these ioctl() transactions are
reported in greater detail. The valid arguments to this option are:
ioctl - report all ioctl() transactions.
ataioctl - report only ioctl() transactions with ATA devices.
scsiioctl - report only ioctl() transactions with SCSI devices. Invoking this once shows the SCSI commands
in hex and the corresponding status. Invoking it a second time adds a hex listing of the first 64 bytes of
data send to, or received from the device.
Any argument may include a positive integer to specify the level of detail that should be reported. The
argument should be followed by a comma then the integer with no spaces. For example, ataioctl,2 The
default level is 1, so �-r ataioctl,1� and �-r ataioctl� are equivalent.
-n POWERMODE, --nocheck=POWERMODE
Specifieds if smartctl should exit before performing any checks when the device is in a low-power mode. It
may be used to prevent a disk from being spun-up by smartctl. The power mode is ignored by default. The
allowed values of POWERMODE are:
never - check the device always, but print the power mode if �-i� is specified.
sleep - check the device unless it is in SLEEP mode.
standby - check the device unless it is in SLEEP or STANDBY mode. In these modes most disks are not spin-
ning, so if you want to prevent a disk from spinning up, this is probably what you want.
idle - check the device unless it is in SLEEP, STANDBY or IDLE mode. In the IDLE state, most disks are
still spinning, so this is probably not what you want.
SMART FEATURE ENABLE/DISABLE COMMANDS:
Note: if multiple options are used to both enable and disable a feature, then both the enable and disable
commands will be issued. The enable command will always be issued before the corresponding disable com-
mand.
-s VALUE, --smart=VALUE
Enables or disables SMART on device. The valid arguments to this option are on and off. Note that the
command �-s on� (perhaps used with with the �-o on� and �-S on� options) should be placed in a start-up
script for your machine, for example in rc.local or rc.sysinit. In principle the SMART feature settings
are preserved over power-cycling, but it doesn�t hurt to be sure. It is not necessary (or useful) to
enable SMART to see the TapeAlert messages.
-o VALUE, --offlineauto=VALUE
Enables or disables SMART automatic offline test, which scans the drive every four hours for disk defects.
This command can be given during normal system operation. The valid arguments to this option are on and
off.
Note that the SMART automatic offline test command is listed as "Obsolete" in every version of the ATA and
ATA/ATAPI Specifications. It was originally part of the SFF-8035i Revision 2.0 specification, but was
never part of any ATA specification. However it is implemented and used by many vendors. [Good documenta-
tion can be found in IBM�s Official Published Disk Specifications. For example the IBM Travelstar 40GNX
Hard Disk Drive Specifications (Revision 1.1, 22 April 2002, Publication # 1541, Document S07N-7715-02)
page 164. You can also read the SFF-8035i Specification -- see REFERENCES below.] You can tell if auto-
matic offline testing is supported by seeing if this command enables and disables it, as indicated by the
�Auto Offline Data Collection� part of the SMART capabilities report (displayed with �-c�).
SMART provides three basic categories of testing. The first category, called "online" testing, has no
effect on the performance of the device. It is turned on by the �-s on� option.
The second category of testing is called "offline" testing. This type of test can, in principle, degrade
the device performance. The �-o on� option causes this offline testing to be carried out, automatically,
on a regular scheduled basis. Normally, the disk will suspend offline testing while disk accesses are
taking place, and then automatically resume it when the disk would otherwise be idle, so in practice it
has little effect. Note that a one-time offline test can also be carried out immediately upon receipt of
a user command. See the �-t offline� option below, which causes a one-time offline test to be carried out
immediately.
The choice (made by the SFF-8035i and ATA specification authors) of the word testing for these first two
categories is unfortunate, and often leads to confusion. In fact these first two categories of online and
offline testing could have been more accurately described as online and offline data collection.
The results of this automatic or immediate offline testing (data collection) are reflected in the values
of the SMART Attributes. Thus, if problems or errors are detected, the values of these Attributes will go
below their failure thresholds; some types of errors may also appear in the SMART error log. These are
visible with the �-A� and �-l error� options respectively.
Some SMART attribute values are updated only during off-line data collection activities; the rest are
updated during normal operation of the device or during both normal operation and off-line testing. The
Attribute value table produced by the �-A� option indicates this in the UPDATED column. Attributes of the
first type are labeled "Offline" and Attributes of the second type are labeled "Always".
The third category of testing (and the only category for which the word �testing� is really an appropriate
choice) is "self" testing. This third type of test is only performed (immediately) when a command to run
it is issued. The �-t� and �-X� options can be used to carry out and abort such self-tests; please see
below for further details.
Any errors detected in the self testing will be shown in the SMART self-test log, which can be examined
using the �-l selftest� option.
Note: in this manual page, the word "Test" is used in connection with the second category just described,
e.g. for the "offline" testing. The words "Self-test" are used in connection with the third category.
-S VALUE, --saveauto=VALUE
Enables or disables SMART autosave of device vendor-specific Attributes. The valid arguments to this
option are on and off. Note that this feature is preserved across disk power cycles, so you should only
need to issue it once.
For SCSI devices this toggles the value of the Global Logging Target Save Disabled (GLTSD) bit in the Con-
trol Mode Page. Some disk manufacturers set this bit by default. This prevents error counters, power-up
hours and other useful data from being placed in non-volatile storage, so these values may be reset to
zero the next time the device is power-cycled. If the GLTSD bit is set then �smartctl -a� will issue a
warning. Use on to clear the GLTSD bit and thus enable saving counters to non-volatile storage. For
extreme streaming-video type applications you might consider using off to set the GLTSD bit.
SMART READ AND DISPLAY DATA OPTIONS:
-H, --health
Check: Ask the device to report its SMART health status or pending TapeAlert messages. SMART status is
based on information that it has gathered from online and offline tests, which were used to deter-
mine/update its SMART vendor-specific Attribute values. TapeAlert status is obtained by reading the
TapeAlert log page.
If the device reports failing health status, this means either that the device has already failed, or that
it is predicting its own failure within the next 24 hours. If this happens, use the �-a� option to get
more information, and get your data off the disk and someplace safe as soon as you can.
-c, --capabilities
Prints only the generic SMART capabilities. These show what SMART features are implemented and how the
device will respond to some of the different SMART commands. For example it shows if the device logs
errors, if it supports offline surface scanning, and so on. If the device can carry out self-tests, this
option also shows the estimated time required to run those tests.
Note that the time required to run the Self-tests (listed in minutes) are fixed. However the time
required to run the Immediate Offline Test (listed in seconds) is variable. This means that if you issue
a command to perform an Immediate Offline test with the �-t offline� option, then the time may jump to a
larger value and then count down as the Immediate Offline Test is carried out. Please see REFERENCES
below for further information about the the flags and capabilities described by this option.
-A, --attributes
Prints only the vendor specific SMART Attributes. The Attributes are numbered from 1 to 253 and have spe-
cific names and ID numbers. For example Attribute 12 is "power cycle count": how many times has the disk
been powered up.
Each Attribute has a "Raw" value, printed under the heading "RAW_VALUE", and a "Normalized" value printed
under the heading "VALUE". [Note: smartctl prints these values in base-10.] In the example just given,
the "Raw Value" for Attribute 12 would be the actual number of times that the disk has been power-cycled,
for example 365 if the disk has been turned on once per day for exactly one year. Each vendor uses their
own algorithm to convert this "Raw" value to a "Normalized" value in the range from 1 to 254. Please keep
in mind that smartctl only reports the different Attribute types, values, and thresholds as read from the
device. It does not carry out the conversion between "Raw" and "Normalized" values: this is done by the
disk�s firmware.
The conversion from Raw value to a quantity with physical units is not specified by the SMART standard. In
most cases, the values printed by smartctl are sensible. For example the temperature Attribute generally
has its raw value equal to the temperature in Celsius. However in some cases vendors use unusual conven-
tions. For example the Hitachi disk on my laptop reports its power-on hours in minutes, not hours. Some
IBM disks track three temperatures rather than one, in their raw values. And so on.
Each Attribute also has a Threshold value (whose range is 0 to 255) which is printed under the heading
"THRESH". If the Normalized value is less than or equal to the Threshold value, then the Attribute is
said to have failed. If the Attribute is a pre-failure Attribute, then disk failure is imminent.
Each Attribute also has a "Worst" value shown under the heading "WORST". This is the smallest (closest to
failure) value that the disk has recorded at any time during its lifetime when SMART was enabled. [Note
however that some vendors firmware may actually increase the "Worst" value for some "rate-type"
Attributes.]
The Attribute table printed out by smartctl also shows the "TYPE" of the Attribute. Attributes are one of
two possible types: Pre-failure or Old age. Pre-failure Attributes are ones which, if less than or equal
to their threshold values, indicate pending disk failure. Old age, or usage Attributes, are ones which
indicate end-of-product life from old-age or normal aging and wearout, if the Attribute value is less than
or equal to the threshold. Please note: the fact that an Attribute is of type 'Pre-fail' does not mean
that your disk is about to fail! It only has this meaning if the Attribute�s current Normalized value is
less than or equal to the threshold value.
If the Attribute�s current Normalized value is less than or equal to the threshold value, then the
"WHEN_FAILED" column will display "FAILING_NOW". If not, but the worst recorded value is less than or
equal to the threshold value, then this column will display "In_the_past". If the "WHEN_FAILED" column
has no entry (indicated by a dash: �-�) then this Attribute is OK now (not failing) and has also never
failed in the past.
The table column labeled "UPDATED" shows if the SMART Attribute values are updated during both normal
operation and off-line testing, or only during offline testing. The former are labeled "Always" and the
latter are labeled "Offline".
So to summarize: the Raw Attribute values are the ones that might have a real physical interpretation,
such as "Temperature Celsius", "Hours", or "Start-Stop Cycles". Each manufacturer converts these, using
their detailed knowledge of the disk�s operations and failure modes, to Normalized Attribute values in the
range 1-254. The current and worst (lowest measured) of these Normalized Attribute values are stored on
the disk, along with a Threshold value that the manufacturer has determined will indicate that the disk is
going to fail, or that it has exceeded its design age or aging limit. smartctl does not calculate any of
the Attribute values, thresholds, or types, it merely reports them from the SMART data on the device.
Note that starting with ATA/ATAPI-4, revision 4, the meaning of these Attribute fields has been made
entirely vendor-specific. However most ATA/ATAPI-5 disks seem to respect their meaning, so we have
retained the option of printing the Attribute values.
For SCSI devices the "attributes" are obtained from the temperature and start-stop cycle counter log
pages. Certain vendor specific attributes are listed if recognised. The attributes are output in a rela-
tively free format (compared with ATA disk attributes).
-l TYPE, --log=TYPE
Prints either the SMART Error Log, the SMART Self-Test Log, the SMART Selective Self-Test Log [ATA only],
the Log Directory [ATA only], or the Background Scan Results Log [SCSI only]. The valid arguments to this
option are:
error - prints only the SMART error log. SMART disks maintain a log of the most recent five non-trivial
errors. For each of these errors, the disk power-on lifetime at which the error occurred is recorded, as
is the device status (idle, standby, etc) at the time of the error. For some common types of errors, the
Error Register (ER) and Status Register (SR) values are decoded and printed as text. The meanings of these
are:
ABRT: Command ABoRTed
AMNF: Address Mark Not Found
CCTO: Command Completion Timed Out
EOM: End Of Media
ICRC: Interface Cyclic Redundancy Code (CRC) error
IDNF: IDentity Not Found
ILI: (packet command-set specific)
MC: Media Changed
MCR: Media Change Request
NM: No Media
obs: obsolete
TK0NF: TracK 0 Not Found
UNC: UNCorrectable Error in Data
WP: Media is Write Protected
In addition, up to the last five commands that preceded the error are listed, along with a timestamp mea-
sured from the start of the corresponding power cycle. This is displayed in the form Dd+HH:MM:SS.msec
where D is the number of days, HH is hours, MM is minutes, SS is seconds and msec is milliseconds. [Note:
this time stamp wraps after 2^32 milliseconds, or 49 days 17 hours 2 minutes and 47.296 seconds.] The key
ATA disk registers are also recorded in the log. The final column of the error log is a text-string
description of the ATA command defined by the Command Register (CR) and Feature Register (FR) values.
Commands that are obsolete in the most current (ATA-7) spec are listed like this: READ LONG (w/ retry)
[OBS-4], indicating that the command became obsolete with or in the ATA-4 specification. Similarly, the
notation [RET-N] is used to indicate that a command was retired in the ATA-N specification. Some commands
are not defined in any version of the ATA specification but are in common use nonetheless; these are
marked [NS], meaning non-standard.
The ATA Specification (ATA-5 Revision 1c, Section 8.41.6.8.2) says: "Error log structures shall include
UNC errors, IDNF errors for which the address requested was valid, servo errors, write fault errors, etc.
Error log data structures shall not include errors attributed to the receipt of faulty commands such as
command codes not implemented by the device or requests with invalid parameters or invalid addresses." The
definitions of these terms are:
UNC (UNCorrectable): data is uncorrectable. This refers to data which has been read from the disk, but
for which the Error Checking and Correction (ECC) codes are inconsistent. In effect, this means that the
data can not be read.
IDNF (ID Not Found): user-accessible address could not be found. For READ LOG type commands, IDNF can also
indicate that a device data log structure checksum was incorrect.
If the command that caused the error was a READ or WRITE command, then the Logical Block Address (LBA) at
which the error occurred will be printed in base 10 and base 16. The LBA is a linear address, which
counts 512-byte sectors on the disk, starting from zero. (Because of the limitations of the SMART error
log, if the LBA is greater than 0xfffffff, then either no error log entry will be made, or the error log
entry will have an incorrect LBA. This may happen for drives with a capacity greater than 128 GiB or 137
GB.) On Linux systems the smartmontools web page has instructions about how to convert the LBA address to
the name of the disk file containing the erroneous disk sector.
Please note that some manufacturers ignore the ATA specifications, and make entries in the error log if
the device receives a command which is not implemented or is not valid.
error [SCSI] - prints the error counter log pages for reads, write and verifies. The verify row is only
output if it has an element other than zero.
selftest - prints the SMART self-test log. The disk maintains a self-test log showing the results of the
self tests, which can be run using the �-t� option described below. For each of the most recent
twenty-one self-tests, the log shows the type of test (short or extended, off-line or captive) and the
final status of the test. If the test did not complete successfully, then the percentage of the test
remaining is shown. The time at which the test took place, measured in hours of disk lifetime, is also
printed. If any errors were detected, the Logical Block Address (LBA) of the first error is printed in
decimal notation. On Linux systems the smartmontools web page has instructions about how to convert this
LBA address to the name of the disk file containing the erroneous block.
selftest [SCSI] - the self-test log for a SCSI device has a slightly different format than for an ATA
device. For each of the most recent twenty self-tests, it shows the type of test and the status (final or
in progress) of the test. SCSI standards use the terms "foreground" and "background" (rather than ATA�s
corresponding "captive" and "off-line") and "short" and "long" (rather than ATA�s corresponding "short"
and "extended") to describe the type of the test. The printed segment number is only relevant when a test
fails in the third or later test segment. It identifies the test that failed and consists of either the
number of the segment that failed during the test, or the number of the test that failed and the number of
the segment in which the test was run, using a vendor-specific method of putting both numbers into a sin-
gle byte. The Logical Block Address (LBA) of the first error is printed in hexadecimal notation. On
Linux systems the smartmontools web page has instructions about how to convert this LBA address to the
name of the disk file containing the erroneous block. If provided, the SCSI Sense Key (SK), Additional
Sense Code (ASC) and Additional Sense Code Qualifier (ASQ) are also printed. The self tests can be run
using the �-t� option described below (using the ATA test terminology).
selective [ATA] - Some ATA-7 disks (example: Maxtor) also maintain a selective self-test log. Please see
the �-t select� option below for a description of selective self-tests. The selective self-test log shows
the start/end Logical Block Addresses (LBA) of each of the five test spans, and their current test status.
If the span is being tested or the remainder of the disk is being read-scanned, the current 65536-sector
block of LBAs being tested is also displayed. The selective self-test log also shows if a read-scan of
the remainder of the disk will be carried out after the selective self-test has completed (see �-t afters-
elect� option) and the time delay before restarting this read-scan if it is interrupted (see �-t pending�
option). This is a new smartmontools feature; please report unusual or incorrect behavior to the smartmon-
tools-support mailing list.
directory - if the device supports the General Purpose Logging feature set (ATA-6 and ATA-7 only) then
this prints the Log Directory (the log at address 0). The Log Directory shows what logs are available and
their length in sectors (512 bytes). The contents of the logs at address 1 [Summary SMART error log] and
at address 6 [SMART self-test log] may be printed using the previously-described error and selftest argu-
ments to this option. [Please note: this is a new, experimental feature. We would like to add support for
printing the contents of extended and comprehensive SMART self-test and error logs. If your disk supports
these, and you would like to assist, please contact the smartmontools developers.]
background [SCSI] - the background scan results log outputs information derived from Background Media
Scans (BMS) done after power up and/or periodocally (e.g. every 24 hours) on recent SCSI disks. If sup-
ported, the BMS status is output first, indicating whether a background scan is currently underway (and if
so a progress percentage), the amount of time the disk has been powered up and the number of scans already
completed. Then there is a header and a line for each background scan "event". These will typically be
either recovered or unrecoverable errors. That latter group may need some attention. There is a descrip-
tion of the background scan mechansim in section 4.18 of SBC-3 revision 6 (see www.t10.org ).
-v N,OPTION, --vendorattribute=N,OPTION
Sets a vendor-specific display OPTION for Attribute N. This option may be used multiple times. Valid
arguments to this option are:
help - Prints (to STDOUT) a list of all valid arguments to this option, then exits.
9,minutes - Raw Attribute number 9 is power-on time in minutes. Its raw value will be displayed in the
form "Xh+Ym". Here X is hours, and Y is minutes in the range 0-59 inclusive. Y is always printed with
two digits, for example "06" or "31" or "00".
9,seconds - Raw Attribute number 9 is power-on time in seconds. Its raw value will be displayed in the
form "Xh+Ym+Zs". Here X is hours, Y is minutes in the range 0-59 inclusive, and Z is seconds in the range
0-59 inclusive. Y and Z are always printed with two digits, for example "06" or "31" or "00".
9,halfminutes - Raw Attribute number 9 is power-on time, measured in units of 30 seconds. This format is
used by some Samsung disks. Its raw value will be displayed in the form "Xh+Ym". Here X is hours, and Y
is minutes in the range 0-59 inclusive. Y is always printed with two digits, for example "06" or "31" or
"00".
9,temp - Raw Attribute number 9 is the disk temperature in Celsius.
192,emergencyretractcyclect - Raw Attribute number 192 is the Emergency Retract Cycle Count.
193,loadunload - Raw Attribute number 193 contains two values. The first is the number of load cycles.
The second is the number of unload cycles. The difference between these two values is the number of times
that the drive was unexpectedly powered off (also called an emergency unload). As a rule of thumb, the
mechanical stress created by one emergency unload is equivalent to that created by one hundred normal
unloads.
194,10xCelsius - Raw Attribute number 194 is ten times the disk temperature in Celsius. This is used by
some Samsung disks (example: model SV1204H with RK100-13 firmware).
194,unknown - Raw Attribute number 194 is NOT the disk temperature, and its interpretation is unknown.
This is primarily useful for the -P (presets) option.
198,offlinescanuncsectorct - Raw Attribute number 198 is the Offline Scan UNC Sector Count.
200,writeerrorcount - Raw Attribute number 200 is the Write Error Count.
201,detectedtacount - Raw Attribute number 201 is the Detected TA Count.
220,temp - Raw Attribute number 220 is the disk temperature in Celsius.
Note: a table of hard drive models, listing which Attribute corresponds to temperature, can be found at:
http://www.guzu.net/linux/hddtemp.db
N,raw8 - Print the Raw value of Attribute N as six 8-bit unsigned base-10 integers. This may be useful
for decoding the meaning of the Raw value. The form �N,raw8� prints Raw values for ALL Attributes in this
form. The form (for example) �123,raw8� only prints the Raw value for Attribute 123 in this form.
N,raw16 - Print the Raw value of Attribute N as three 16-bit unsigned base-10 integers. This may be use-
ful for decoding the meaning of the Raw value. The form �N,raw16� prints Raw values for ALL Attributes in
this form. The form (for example) �123,raw16� only prints the Raw value for Attribute 123 in this form.
N,raw48 - Print the Raw value of Attribute N as a 48-bit unsigned base-10 integer. This may be useful for
decoding the meaning of the Raw value. The form �N,raw48� prints Raw values for ALL Attributes in this
form. The form (for example) �123,raw48� only prints the Raw value for Attribute 123 in this form.
-F TYPE, --firmwarebug=TYPE
Modifies the behavior of smartctl to compensate for some known and understood device firmware bug. The
arguments to this option are exclusive, so that only the final option given is used. The valid values
are:
none - Assume that the device firmware obeys the ATA specifications. This is the default, unless the
device has presets for �-F� in the device database (see note below).
samsung - In some Samsung disks (example: model SV4012H Firmware Version: RM100-08) some of the two- and
four-byte quantities in the SMART data structures are byte-swapped (relative to the ATA specification).
Enabling this option tells smartctl to evaluate these quantities in byte-reversed order. Some signs that
your disk needs this option are(1) no self-test log printed, even though you have run self-tests; (2)
very large numbers of ATA errors reported in the ATA error log; (3) strange and impossible values for the
ATA error log timestamps.
samsung2 - In more recent Samsung disks (firmware revisions ending in "-23") the number of ATA errors
reported is byte swapped. Enabling this option tells smartctl to evaluate this quantity in byte-reversed
order. An indication that your Samsung disk needs this option is that the self-test log is printed cor-
rectly, but there are a very large number of errors in the SMART error log. This is because the error
count is byte swapped. Thus a disk with five errors (0x0005) will appear to have 20480 errors (0x5000).
Note that an explicit �-F� option on the command line will over-ride any preset values for �-F� (see the
�-P� option below).
-P TYPE, --presets=TYPE
Specifies whether smartctl should use any preset options that are available for this drive. By default, if
the drive is recognized in the smartmontools database, then the presets are used.
smartctl can automatically set appropriate options for known drives. For example, the Maxtor 4D080H4 uses
Attribute 9 to stores power-on time in minutes whereas most drives use that Attribute to store the
power-on time in hours. The command-line option �-v 9,minutes� ensures that smartctl correctly interprets
Attribute 9 in this case, but that option is preset for the Maxtor 4D080H4 and so need not be specified by
the user on the smartctl command line.
The argument show will show any preset options for your drive and the argument showall will show all known
drives in the smartmontools database, along with their preset options. If there are no presets for your
drive and you think there should be (for example, a -v or -F option is needed to get smartctl to display
correct values) then please contact the smartmontools developers so that this information can be added to
the smartmontools database. Contact information is at the end of this man page.
The valid arguments to this option are:
use - if a drive is recognized, then use the stored presets for it. This is the default. Note that pre-
sets will NOT over-ride additional Attribute interpretation (�-v N,something�) command-line options or
explicit �-F� command-line options..
ignore - do not use presets.
show - show if the drive is recognized in the database, and if so, its presets, then exit.
showall - list all recognized drives, and the presets that are set for them, then exit.
The �-P showall� option takes up to two optional arguments to match a specific drive type and firmware
version. The command:
smartctl -P showall
lists all entries, the command:
smartctl -P showall �MODEL�
lists all entries matching MODEL, and the command:
smartctl -P showall �MODEL� �FIRMWARE�
lists all entries for this MODEL and a specific FIRMWARE version.
SMART RUN/ABORT OFFLINE TEST AND SELF-TEST OPTIONS:
-t TEST, --test=TEST
Executes TEST immediately. The �-C� option can be used in conjunction with this option to run the short
or long (and also for ATA devices, selective or conveyance) self-tests in captive mode (known as "fore-
ground mode" for SCSI devices). Note that only one test type can be run at a time, so only one test type
should be specified per command line. Note also that if a computer is shutdown or power cycled during a
self-test, no harm should result. The self-test will either be aborted or will resume automatically.
The valid arguments to this option are:
offline - runs SMART Immediate Offline Test. This immediately starts the test described above. This com-
mand can be given during normal system operation. The effects of this test are visible only in that it
updates the SMART Attribute values, and if errors are found they will appear in the SMART error log, visi-
ble with the �-l error� option. [In the case of SCSI devices runs the default self test in foreground. No
entry is placed in the self test log.]
If the �-c� option to smartctl shows that the device has the "Suspend Offline collection upon new command"
capability then you can track the progress of the Immediate Offline test using the �-c� option to
smartctl. If the �-c� option show that the device has the "Abort Offline collection upon new command"
capability then most commands will abort the Immediate Offline Test, so you should not try to track the
progress of the test with �-c�, as it will abort the test.
short - runs SMART Short Self Test (usually under ten minutes). [Note: in the case of SCSI devices, this
command option runs the "Background short" self-test.] This command can be given during normal system
operation (unless run in captive mode - see the �-C� option below). This is a test in a different cate-
gory than the immediate or automatic offline tests. The "Self" tests check the electrical and mechanical
performance as well as the read performance of the disk. Their results are reported in the Self Test
Error Log, readable with the �-l selftest� option. Note that on some disks the progress of the self-test
can be monitored by watching this log during the self-test; with other disks use the �-c� option to moni-
tor progress.
long - runs SMART Extended Self Test (tens of minutes). [Note: in the case of SCSI devices, this command
option runs the "Background long" self-test.] This is a longer and more thorough version of the Short
Self Test described above. Note that this command can be given during normal system operation (unless run
in captive mode - see the �-C� option below).
conveyance - [ATA ONLY] runs a SMART Conveyance Self Test (minutes). This self-test routine is intended
to identify damage incurred during transporting of the device. This self-test routine should take on the
order of minutes to complete. Note that this command can be given during normal system operation (unless
run in captive mode - see the �-C� option below).
select,N-M - [ATA ONLY] [NEW EXPERIMENTAL SMARTCTL FEATURE] runs a SMART Selective Self Test, to test a
range of disk Logical Block Addresses (LBAs), rather than the entire disk. Each range of LBAs that is
checked is called a "span" and is specified by a starting LBA (N) and an ending LBA (M) with N less than
or equal to M. For example the command:
smartctl -t select,10-20 /dev/hda
runs a self test on one span consisting of LBAs ten to twenty (inclusive). The �-t� option can be given up
to five times, to test up to five spans. For example the command:
smartctl -t select,0-100 -t select,1000-2000 /dev/hda
runs a self test on two spans. The first span consists of 101 LBAs and the second span consists of 1001
LBAs. Note that the spans can overlap partially or completely, for example:
smartctl -t select,0-10 -t select,5-15 -t select,10-20 /dev/hda
The results of the selective self-test can be obtained (both during and after the test) by printing the
SMART self-test log, using the �-l selftest� option to smartctl.
Selective self tests are particularly useful as disk capacities increase: an extended self test (smartctl
-t long) can take several hours. Selective self-tests are helpful if (based on SYSLOG error messages,
previous failed self-tests, or SMART error log entries) you suspect that a disk is having problems at a
particular range of Logical Block Addresses (LBAs).
Selective self-tests can be run during normal system operation (unless done in captive mode - see the �-C�
option below).
[Note: this new experimental smartmontools feature is currently only available under Linux. The Linux
kernel must be compiled with the configuration option CONFIG_IDE_TASKFILE_IO enabled. Please report
unusual or incorrect behavior to the smartmontools-support mailing list.]
afterselect,on - [ATA ONLY] perform an offline read scan after a Selective Self-test has completed. This
option must be used together with one or more of the select,N-M options above. If the LBAs that have been
specified in the Selective self-test pass the test with no errors found, then read scan the remainder of
the disk. If the device is powered-cycled while this read scan is in progress, the read scan will be
automatically resumed after a time specified by the pending timer (see below). The value of this option
is preserved between selective self-tests.
afterselect,off - [ATA ONLY] do not read scan the remainder of the disk after a Selective self-test has
completed. This option must be use together with one or more of the select,N-M options above. The value
of this option is preserved between selective self-tests.
pending,N - [ATA ONLY] set the pending offline read scan timer to N minutes. Here N is an integer in the
range from 0 to 65535 inclusive. If the device is powered off during a read scan after a Selective
self-test, then resume the test automatically N minutes after power-up. This option must be use together
with one or more of the select,N-M options above. The value of this option is preserved between selective
self-tests.
-C, --captive
Runs self-tests in captive mode. This has no effect with �-t offline� or if the �-t� option is not used.
[Note: in the case of SCSI devices, this command option runs the self-test in "Foreground" mode.]
WARNING: Tests run in captive mode may busy out the drive for the length of the test. Only run captive
tests on drives without any mounted partitions!
-X, --abort
Aborts non-captive SMART Self Tests. Note that this command will abort the Offline Immediate Test routine
only if your disk has the "Abort Offline collection upon new command" capability.
EXAMPLES
smartctl -a /dev/hda
Print all SMART information for drive /dev/hda (Primary Master).
smartctl -s off /dev/hdd
Disable SMART on drive /dev/hdd (Secondary Slave).
smartctl --smart=on --offlineauto=on --saveauto=on /dev/hda
Enable SMART on drive /dev/hda, enable automatic offline testing every four hours, and enable autosaving of SMART
Attributes. This is a good start-up line for your system�s init files. You can issue this command on a running
system.
smartctl -t long /dev/hdc
Begin an extended self-test of drive /dev/hdc. You can issue this command on a running system. The results can
be seen in the self-test log visible with the �-l selftest� option after it has completed.
smartctl -s on -t offline /dev/hda
Enable SMART on the disk, and begin an immediate offline test of drive /dev/hda. You can issue this command on a
running system. The results are only used to update the SMART Attributes, visible with the �-A� option. If any
device errors occur, they are logged to the SMART error log, which can be seen with the �-l error� option.
smartctl -A -v 9,minutes /dev/hda
Shows the vendor Attributes, when the disk stores its power-on time internally in minutes rather than hours.
smartctl -q errorsonly -H -l selftest /dev/hda
Produces output only if the device returns failing SMART status, or if some of the logged self-tests ended with
errors.
smartctl -q silent -a /dev/hda
Examine all SMART data for device /dev/hda, but produce no printed output. You must use the exit status (the $?
shell variable) to learn if any Attributes are out of bound, if the SMART status is failing, if there are errors
recorded in the self-test log, or if there are errors recorded in the disk error log.
smartctl -a -d 3ware,0 /dev/sda
Examine all SMART data for the first ATA disk connected to a 3ware RAID controller card.
smartctl -a -d 3ware,0 /dev/twe0
Examine all SMART data for the first ATA disk connected to a 3ware RAID 6000/7000/8000 controller card.
smartctl -a -d 3ware,0 /dev/twa0
Examine all SMART data for the first ATA disk connected to a 3ware RAID 9000 controller card.
smartctl -t short -d 3ware,3 /dev/sdb
Start a short self-test on the fourth ATA disk connected to the 3ware RAID controller card which is the second
SCSI device /dev/sdb.
smartctl -a -d hpt,1/3 /dev/sda
Examine all SMART data for the (S)ATA disk directly connected to the third channel of the first HighPoint Rocke-
tRAID controller card.
smartctl -t short -d hpt,1/1/2 /dev/sda
Start a short self-test on the (S)ATA disk connected to second pmport on the first channel of the first HighPoint
RocketRAID controller card.
smartctl -t select,10-100 -t select,30-300 -t afterselect,on -t pending,45 /dev/hda
Run a selective self-test on LBAs 10 to 100 and 30 to 300. After the these LBAs have been tested, read-scan the
remainder of the disk. If the disk is power-cycled during the read-scan, resume the scan 45 minutes after power
to the device is restored.
smartctl -a -d cciss,0 /dev/cciss/c0d0
Examine all SMART data for the first SCSI disk connected to a cciss RAID controller card.
RETURN VALUES
The return values of smartctl are defined by a bitmask. If all is well with the disk, the return value (exit
status) of smartctl is 0 (all bits turned off). If a problem occurs, or an error, potential error, or fault is
detected, then a non-zero status is returned. In this case, the eight different bits in the return value have
the following meanings for ATA disks; some of these values may also be returned for SCSI disks.
Bit 0: Command line did not parse.
Bit 1: Device open failed, or device did not return an IDENTIFY DEVICE structure.
Bit 2: Some SMART command to the disk failed, or there was a checksum error in a SMART data structure (see �-b�
option above).
Bit 3: SMART status check returned "DISK FAILING".
Bit 4: SMART status check returned "DISK OK" but we found prefail Attributes <= threshold.
Bit 5: SMART status check returned "DISK OK" but we found that some (usage or prefail) Attributes have been <=
threshold at some time in the past.
Bit 6: The device error log contains records of errors.
Bit 7: The device self-test log contains records of errors.
To test within the shell for whether or not the different bits are turned on or off, you can use the fol-
lowing type of construction (this is bash syntax):
smartstat=$(($? & 8))
This looks at only at bit 3 of the exit status $? (since 8=2^3). The shell variable $smartstat will be
nonzero if SMART status check returned "disk failing" and zero otherwise.
NOTES
The TapeAlert log page flags are cleared for the initiator when the page is read. This means that each alert con-
dition is reported only once by smartctl for each initiator for each activation of the condition.
CONTRIBUTORS
The following have made large contributions to smartmontools:
Casper Dik (Solaris SCSI interface)
Christian Franke (Windows interface and Cygwin package)
Douglas Gilbert (SCSI subsystem)
Guido Guenther (Autoconf/Automake packaging)
Geoffrey Keating (Darwin ATA interface)
Eduard Martinescu (FreeBSD interface)
Frederic L. W. Meunier (Web site and Mailing list)
Keiji Sawada (Solaris ATA interface)
Sergey Svishchev (NetBSD interface)
David Snyder and Sergey Svishchev (OpenBSD interface)
Phil Williams (User interface and drive database)
Yuri Dario (OS/2, eComStation interface)
Many other individuals have made smaller contributions and corrections.
CREDITS
This code was derived from the smartsuite package, written by Michael Cornwell, and from the previous UCSC smart-
suite package. It extends these to cover ATA-5 disks. This code was originally developed as a Senior Thesis by
Michael Cornwell at the Concurrent Systems Laboratory (now part of the Storage Systems Research Center), Jack
Baskin School of Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz. http://ssrc.soe.ucsc.edu/ .
HOME PAGE FOR SMARTMONTOOLS:
Please see the following web site for updates, further documentation, bug reports and patches: http://smartmon- tools.sourceforge.net/
SEE ALSO:
smartd(8), badblocks(8), ide-smart(8).
REFERENCES FOR SMART
An introductory article about smartmontools is Monitoring Hard Disks with SMART, by Bruce Allen, Linux Journal,
January 2004, pages 74-77. This is http://www.linuxjournal.com/article.php?sid=6983 online.
If you would like to understand better how SMART works, and what it does, a good place to start is with Sections
4.8 and 6.54 of the first volume of the �AT Attachment with Packet Interface-7� (ATA/ATAPI-7) specification.
This documents the SMART functionality which the smartmontools utilities provide access to. You can find Revi-
sion 4b of this document at http://www.t13.org/docs2004/d1532v1r4b-ATA-ATAPI-7.pdf . Earlier and later versions
of this Specification are available from the T13 web site http://www.t13.org/ .
The functioning of SMART was originally defined by the SFF-8035i revision 2 and the SFF-8055i revision 1.4 speci-
fications. These are publications of the Small Form Factors (SFF) Committee. Links to these documents may be
found in the References section of the smartmontools home page at http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/ .
CVS ID OF THIS PAGE:
$Id: smartctl.8.in,v 1.88 2006/10/22 02:38:27 dpgilbert Exp $